Gambling involves wagering something of value on an activity that is primarily a matter of chance in the hope of realizing a profit. It has existed in virtually every society since prerecorded history and has often been incorporated into local customs and rites of passage. In modern times, gambling is an international commercial industry that supports many jobs, and it has become a major source of entertainment in some societies. Historically, gambling has also been associated with dishonesty and crime, and it has had both positive and negative social and economic effects.
There is no consensus on what constitutes gambling, and it may vary widely from one culture to the next. Nevertheless, there are some common features. Regardless of the game, there is always an element of risk and uncertainty involved, and a prize is promised or rewarded. In most cases, gamblers place their bets with money, but they can also use items that have a symbolic value such as collectible trading cards or marbles.
Although some people engage in gambling as a recreational activity, a small group becomes excessively involved and continues to gamble despite significant adverse personal and family consequences. The understanding of individuals with problem gambling has undergone a significant transformation, similar to the understanding of alcoholics, from being viewed as having substance use disorders to being recognized as having psychological problems related to their gambling.
Among adults, the prevalence of gambling disorder ranges from 0.4% to 2% depending on the study and country. The rate increases for those who have a co-occurring mental illness such as a mood disorder, substance use disorder, or anxiety and depression (Addiction, Vol. 117, No. 7, 2022).
Researchers have suggested that there are several pathways that can lead to the development of a gambling disorder. For some, habitual gambling leads to chasing wins until they develop a problem; for others, underlying mood disorders such as stress, depression, or anxiety can trigger or be made worse by compulsive gambling. In addition, some people are more prone to developing a gambling problem because of their genetic makeup, family history, or personality traits such as impulsivity and antisocial behavior.
Dealing with a loved one who has a gambling problem can be extremely difficult. Often, family members will find themselves rationalizing their gambler’s requests for “just one last time.” The best thing you can do is to seek support and help from other families who have dealt with this issue. It is also important to set boundaries and make sure that your own finances are not at risk. In addition, it is a good idea to seek therapy to address any underlying mood disorders that may be contributing to the gambling problem. The most effective treatment for gambling disorders is cognitive behavioral therapy, and it is recommended that you seek out a trained therapist with experience treating this condition. They can help you develop strategies to overcome your gambling addiction and rebuild healthy relationships in your life.